Презентация на тему Tyumen state universityinstitute of philology and journalismword meaning

classifying and examining changes in meaning and form [Webster’s

Unabriged Dictionary].
2. the branch of linguistics which specialises in the study of meaning [Antrushina, 130].
Semasiology
1. the branch of linguistics that is concerned with the meaning of words and word equivalents [Arnold, 31].
2. the branch of lexicology that is devoted to the study of meaning [Ginzburg, 13].

of objects, phenomena or relations that makes part of

a linguistic sign.
relationship between symbols (words, signs) and what they refer to (called ‘referents’) [Babich, 58].
establishment of the interindependence between words and the things or concepts they denote [Ginzburg, 13].
the relation between the object or notion named and the name itself [F. de Saussure].

approach
seeks to formulate the essence of

meaning by establishing the interindependence between words and things pr concepts they denote;
Functional / Relative approach
studies functions of a word in speech and is less concerned with what meaning is than and how it works [Ginzburg, 13].

referent?

Signifie (a concept)





Sign Thing

Richards:

Reference/ Concept-notion







Two-faced symbol Referent

confined to the analysis of the difference or sameness

of meaning;
meaning is understood essentially as the function of the use of linguistic units [Ginzburg, 17].
each sigh achieves a meaning only in comparison with other signs, its neighbours, meaning can be studied only through context [Babich, 58].

each individual meaning of word;
Lexical context – the

groups of lexical items combined with the polysemantic word under consideration are of main importance;
Grammatical context - the grammatical (mainly the syntactic) structure of the context that serves to determine various individual meanings of a polysemantic word;
Extralinguistic context - the meaning of the word is ultimately determined not by these linguistic factors, but by the actual speech situation in which this word is used [Ginzburg, 47].

relations between words based on contrastive features of arrangements

in which they occur (speaks, reads, writes);
Lexico-grammatical meaning – the common denominator of all the meanings of words belonging to a lexico-grammatical class of words, the feature according to which they are grouped together (generic terms);
Lexical meaning – the realization of concept or emotion by means of a definite language system (concept of relation)
[Arnold, 39-41].

– that component of the lexical meaning which makes

communication possible [Ginzburg, 20]. It expresses the conceptual content of a word [Arnold, 40].
- significative (if the referent/denotatum is a concept)
- demonstrative (if it is an individual object) – are often met in colloquial speech.

stylistic value of the word [Ginzburg, 20]; complex associations

originating in habitual verbal or situational contexts, of which the speaker and the listener are aware [Arnold, 40]. Connotation can be referred to the speaker’s attitude to the social circumstances and the appropriate functional style, his approval or disapproval of the object spoken of, about the speaker’s emotions.
- stylistic;
- emotive;
- evaluative;
- expressive/intensifying [Babich, 60].

of ‘binary’ opposites, between female and male, animate and

inanimate etc. [Babich, 62]. They are also called elements of meaning or semes which can be combined in various ways with other similar elements in the meaning of different words. [Arnold, 41].