Презентация на тему Призентация по английсому языку модальное глаголы

get a taxi
I had to leave early because I

wasn’t feeling well..

Have to suggests that someone else or some outside authority
or circumstances makes it necessary.
Must is prefered when the speaker decides it is necessary and
to express urgency with you and in public notices.

I have to see the headmaster (..she has called me to her office)
I must see the headmaster (...I want to discuss something with her)
I have to work from 9:00 am till 5:00 pm.
I have to pay my road tax soon.
You must start working harder! (I say so)
You have to turn left here.(It is the law.)

- need to
Mustn’t
Mustn’t

Not allowed; being forbidden
Life belts mustn’t be

removed.
You mustn’t leave the room befpre the end of the exam.
You mustn’t walk on the grass here.
You mustn’t put anything on the shelves until the glue has
set hard.

don’t have to work such long hours.You won’t earn

any more
we needn’t go into the details now, but we seem to agree on the
general principles.
You don’t need to whisper.Nobody can hear us.
She doesn’t need to come with us if she wouldn’t like.

Compare the sentences below.
You needn’t work tomorrow if you don’t want to.
You mustn’t move any of the papers on my desk.

needn’t have
( past forms of the negatives)
When we say

that it wasn’t necessary to do something in the past
and it wasn’t done;we use didn’t need to or didn’t have to..It refers
to an unnecessary action which wasn’t done.

When we say that we know something happened in the past
although it wasn’t necessary; we use needn’t have .It refers to
an unnecassay action which was done.

Chris and June phoned to say that they couldn’t come to eat,so I didn’t need to cook dinner (I didn’t cook the dinner.)
I needn’t have cooked dinner.Just as it was ready,Chris and June phoned to say that they couldn’t come to eat.(I did cook the dinner)

did but we had enough)
I didn’t need to buy

more sugar. ( I didn’t ,because we had enough.)
You needn’t have paid all at once. ( You did pay.)
I didn’t need to go to the dentist again, luckily.

2-Logical conclusion (assumption); deduction

Must can be used to say that we are sure about something
(because it is logically necessary) %95 certainty.

Mary must have a problem, she keeps crying.
The hall is packed.there must be about 500 people at the
meeting
-Why is not John in class?
-He must be ill. ( Usually he is in class everyday, but when
I saw him last night,he wasn’t feeling good.So my best
guess is that he is sick today.I can’t think of another
possibility.)
There is the doorbell.It must be Roger.

deductions about the past.
The lights have gone out.A fuse

must have blown.
You hadn’t eaten for hours .You must have been hungry!
I took only train home.So I must have left the umbrella
on the train.
Paulo fell asleep in class this morning.She must have
stayed up too late last night.
She must have been upset when she heard the bad news.
He must have played really well to beat Agassi.

I’m seeing Dr.Evans tomorrow.
B- That can’t be right.He is

on holiday then.

That can’t be the postman. It is only seven o’clock..

It couldn’t be Peter.He never knocks at the door in this way.

A- I’ll call Robert and ask him to give me a ride home.
B- He couldn’t be at home now.He must be working.