Презентация на тему Origin of English idioms and slang words

of origin


Idiom - a group of words whose meaning

cannot be predicted from the meanings of the constituent words, or linguistic usage that is grammatical and natural to native speakers of a language. Idioms can be professional (only specialists know what they mean), they can be used only by students, children, etc.
Slang - something that is not appropriate to the standard form of a language or to formal contexts, and is characteristically more metaphorical and transitory than standard language, is a special part of a language.

rhythm that the moon was made of green cheese.

But some people now say that on crystal-clear nights, or in areas full of volcanic ash, the moon does appear blue.

Words to the wise. Once in a blue moon

Example:
You know how these peasants eat: macaroni on Sundays and meat once in a blue moon.

(W. S. Maugham, ‘Complete Short Stories’, ‘The Lotus Eater’)

just the old person. This expression first appeared in

the book of J,C.Snaith ‘Love Jane’(1919), and originally it referred only to horses. The older the horse is, the longer its teeth look.

Example:
He was too long in the tooth to fool round with dynamite, like talking about a big slug that did not exist. (K. S. Prichard, ‘The Roaring Nineties’, ch. 56)

started circulating on both sides of the Atlantic around

1916 and so almost certainly stems from the World War I escapades of American and British soldiers. People say that when they apologize for something.

Example:
What she needs is a kick, pardon my French —
Ей просто нужно задать перцу, вот и все, извините, если я не так выразился.

shoulder
When guests would overstay their
welcome

as house guests, the
Hosts would (instead of feeding them good, warm meals) give their too-long staying guests the worst part of the animal, not warmed, but the COLD SHOULDER.

Example:
She cold shouldered the guy who was rude to her— Она холодно обошлась с тем парнем, который ей нагрубил.

considered them sacred, and any captured white elephant (they

were not so rare) became the property of emperor. Оne of the emperors invented the terrible way of punishment for his courtiers – he offered them this elephant. The animal ate, ran around the house, destroyed the fences and roofs… And his master was not allowed to ride it by law! Many courtiers simply couldn’t afford the upkeep of the elephant and became just financially ruined.

Example:
The pavilion has become a £14 million steel and glass white elephant.

in the summer. Or someone’s bad days when one

feels very much uneasy and uncomfortable. It comes from the Roman times when a constellation of a Dog existed. Days where you could see this constellation were called Dog days (they began in the middle of the summer).

Example:
These dog days
in our town
are annoying for me.
I have a headache
because of the heat.

This is a leader or boss. This expression was

brought to the USA from fliers stationed in Japan during World War Two. In Japanese that means ‘a leader of the squad’, and American began to use it too.

Hobnob does back to Habben (to have) and Ne habben (to have not). It ‘s a contraction of these two words. They are both Middle English. And the second version – it described the custom of alternating purchasing rounds of drinks (having or not having the next one).

Honcho

Example:
Jane's mother likes
to hobnob with the
leading women of
the city.

Example:
She’s editor-in-chief of our magazine, our honcho, almost a legend.

houses were surrounded by eavesdrops, spaces where water dripped

from the eaves. It was invented to provide the security of the foundation(to make rain fall far enough from the house). The first eavesdroppers stood there to hear private conversations.

Examples:
Look out! You needn’t any eavesdroppers to hear our conversation, do you?

both ends