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Презентация на тему Oil and gas.

Oil - miscible complex multicomponent mixture of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons chemical different structure with a number of carbon atoms up to 100 and more hetero admixture with compounds of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and some
Oil and gas.. Oil - miscible complex multicomponent mixture of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons The history of the origin of oil.Oil known to mankind since ancient The main part of the oil consists of three groups of hydrocarbons Alkanes (hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, paraffins) is chemically most stable. Their general formula СnH(2n+2). To naphthenes include alicyclic hydrocarbon structure CnH2n, CnH (2n-2) and CnH (2n-4). Resources and oil fields World oil reserves are estimated at 141.3 billion In addition to the carbon in the oil are part of an It may be added that the geological neighbor oil - natural gas Use of natural gas began long ago, but was carried out at For centuries, people have used these gifts of nature, but the industrial UsingOil and gas - a unique and extremely valuable resources. Derived products Processing methods oil production 		petroleum Refining 	cracking of petroleum productsreforming The processing of oil and gas. Application of oil. Oil production
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 Oil - miscible complex multicomponent mixture of gaseous,

Oil - miscible complex multicomponent mixture of gaseous, liquid and solid

liquid and solid hydrocarbons chemical different structure with a

number of carbon atoms up to 100 and more hetero admixture with compounds of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and some metals.

Слайд 3 The history of the origin of oil.
Oil known

The history of the origin of oil.Oil known to mankind since

to mankind since ancient times. Excavations on the banks

of the Euphrates, the existence of oil field for 6000-4000 years BC. e. At that time it was used as a fuel and oil bitumen - in the construction and road case. Oil has been known and ancient Egypt, where it was used for embalming the dead. Plutarch and Dioscorides mention oil as a fuel to be used in ancient Greece.

Слайд 4 The main part of the oil consists of

The main part of the oil consists of three groups of

three groups of hydrocarbons - alkanes, arenes, and naphthenes.
Chemically,

oil - a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, are divided into two groups - heavy and light oil. Light oil comprises about two percent less carbon than a heavy, but correspondingly larger amount of hydrogen and oxygen.

Слайд 5 Alkanes (hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, paraffins) is chemically most

Alkanes (hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, paraffins) is chemically most stable. Their general formula СnH(2n+2).

stable. Their general formula СnH(2n+2).


Слайд 6 To naphthenes include alicyclic hydrocarbon structure CnH2n, CnH

To naphthenes include alicyclic hydrocarbon structure CnH2n, CnH (2n-2) and CnH

(2n-2) and CnH (2n-4). In oil contains mainly S5N10

cyclopentane, cyclohexane S6N10 and homologues thereof. Arena (aromatic hydrocarbons). They are considerably poorer than hydrogen, the ratio of carbon / hydrogen in the arenas highest, much higher than in the whole oil.

Слайд 7 Resources and oil fields
World oil reserves are estimated

Resources and oil fields World oil reserves are estimated at 141.3

at 141.3 billion tons. These stocks at current crude

oil production will be enough 42 years. Of these, 66.4% are located in the countries of the Near and Middle East.

Слайд 8 In addition to the carbon in the oil

In addition to the carbon in the oil are part of

are part of an asphalt-resinous component, porphyrins, sulfur and

ash part.

For non-hydrocarbon components of petroleum resins and asphaltenes are playing a very important role in the chemical activity of oil

Слайд 9 It may be added that the geological neighbor

It may be added that the geological neighbor oil - natural

oil - natural gas - also a difficult matter

in its composition. Most - 95% by volume - in the mixture of methane. There are also ethane, propane, butane and other alkanes.
A more thorough analysis resulted in the discovery of natural gas and small amounts of helium.

Слайд 10 Use of natural gas began long ago, but

Use of natural gas began long ago, but was carried out

was carried out at first only in the places

of its natural outcrops. In Dagestan, Azerbaijan, Iran and other eastern regions.

Слайд 11 For centuries, people have used these gifts of

For centuries, people have used these gifts of nature, but the

nature, but the industrial development of these cases can

not be called. Only in the mid-19th century, natural gas becomes fuel technology, and one of the first examples glassworks, organized on the basis of deposit Dagestan lights.

Слайд 12 Using
Oil and gas - a unique and extremely

UsingOil and gas - a unique and extremely valuable resources. Derived

valuable resources. Derived products are used in virtually all

industries, in all types of transport, military and civil engineering, agriculture, energy, life, and so on. Forth. From oil and gas produce a variety of chemical materials, such as plastics, synthetic fibers, rubbers , paints, road and construction bitumen, detergents

Слайд 13 Processing methods
oil production
petroleum Refining
cracking of

Processing methods oil production 		petroleum Refining 	cracking of petroleum productsreforming

petroleum products
reforming


Слайд 14 The processing of oil and gas.

The processing of oil and gas.

Слайд 15 Application of oil.

Application of oil.

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