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Презентация на тему Trypanosomiasis

Historyits species was discovered by a scientist Valentine” in 1841. But these are found in mammals after 50 – 80 years later. Then further studied about their diseases.
TrypanosomiasisThe topic of the lecture:Professor Kutmanova A.Z. Historyits species was discovered by a scientist Valentine” in 1841. But these IntroductionThe name is derived from Greek word, trypano means (borer) soma means Trypanosoma Morphology of trypanosome African Trypanosomiasis  (Sleeping Sickness) The parasites Belong to a group of closely related trypanosomes in the T. rhodesiense	causes E. African trypanosomiasisT. gambiense	causes W. and Central African sleeping sicknessDistribution Trypanosoma brucei species TransmissionA bite from an infected tsetse fly causes African trypanosomiasis.Blood transfusions are Life cycle Pathogenesis Clinical presentationIncubation period may be from few days to weeks. The first Clinical presentation Diagnosis DiagnosisGeneralAnemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, low complement levels, elevated ESR, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, but not eosinophilia Imaging StudiesCT scanning and MRI of the head: Both head CT scanning Treatment American Trypanosomiasis  ( Chagas Disease) Distribution Morphology Transmission Life cycle Transmission Pathogenesis Pathogenesis Diagnosis Diagnosis (Xenodiagnosis) Diagnosis Chronic stage. In chronic stage these parasites reside in heart and midgut, Gigantism of midgutClinical presentation Treatment Control
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 History
its species was discovered by a scientist Valentine”

Historyits species was discovered by a scientist Valentine” in 1841. But

in 1841.
But these are found in mammals after

50 – 80 years later.
Then further studied about their diseases.

Слайд 3 Introduction
The name is derived from Greek word,
trypano

IntroductionThe name is derived from Greek word, trypano means (borer) soma

means (borer)
soma means (body)
They are unicellular flagellate

protozoa.
Have spiral like motion.
Need more than one host to complete its life cycle.
Oftenly transmitted by a vector.
Generally found in intestine, but some time found in blood stream or in heart.

Слайд 4 Trypanosoma

Trypanosoma

Слайд 5 Morphology of trypanosome

Morphology of trypanosome

Слайд 6 African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)

African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)

Слайд 7 The parasites
Belong to a group of closely

The parasites Belong to a group of closely related trypanosomes in

related trypanosomes in the Trypanosoma brucei species complex. Three

morphologically indistinguishable species are recognized:
T. brucei infects game animals/livestock (causes nagana)
T. rhodesiense causes E. African trypanosomiasis
T. gambiense causes W. and Central African sleeping sickness
(Some authors consider these as subspecies: T. brucei brucei, T. b. rhodesiense, T. b. gambiense.)

Слайд 8 T. rhodesiense causes E. African trypanosomiasis
T. gambiense causes W. and

T. rhodesiense	causes E. African trypanosomiasisT. gambiense	causes W. and Central African sleeping sicknessDistribution

Central African sleeping sickness
Distribution


Слайд 9 Trypanosoma brucei species

Trypanosoma brucei species

Слайд 11 Transmission
A bite from an infected tsetse fly causes

TransmissionA bite from an infected tsetse fly causes African trypanosomiasis.Blood transfusions

African trypanosomiasis.
Blood transfusions are a rare cause of parasitic

transmission.
In rare cases, accidental transmission in the laboratory has been implicated.


Слайд 12 Life cycle

Life cycle

Слайд 13 Pathogenesis

Pathogenesis

Слайд 14 Clinical presentation
Incubation period may be from few days

Clinical presentationIncubation period may be from few days to weeks. The

to weeks.
The first clinical manifestation of African trypanosomiasis

chancre occurs at the site of inoculation .

Слайд 16 Clinical presentation

Clinical presentation

Слайд 17 Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Слайд 18 Diagnosis
General
Anemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, low complement levels, elevated ESR, thrombocytopenia,

DiagnosisGeneralAnemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, low complement levels, elevated ESR, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, but not

hypoalbuminemia, but not eosinophilia or abnormal liver function.
The

total IgM level is higher in blood and CSF.
A definitive diagnosis of infection requires actual detection of trypanosomes in blood, lymph nodes, CSF, skin chancre aspirates, or bone marrow.
However, symptomatic improvement after empiric treatment is the usual confirmatory test in areas where diagnostic studies are not readily available.


Слайд 19 Imaging Studies
CT scanning and MRI of the head:

Imaging StudiesCT scanning and MRI of the head: Both head CT

Both head CT scanning and MRI reveal cerebral edema

and white matter enhancement, respectively, in patients with late-stage African trypanosomiasis.
EEG in neurologic involvement usually shows slow wave oscillations (delta waves), a nonspecific finding

Слайд 20 Treatment

Treatment

Слайд 21 American Trypanosomiasis ( Chagas Disease)

American Trypanosomiasis ( Chagas Disease)

Слайд 22 Distribution

Distribution

Слайд 23 Morphology

Morphology

Слайд 24 Transmission

Transmission

Слайд 25 Life cycle

Life cycle

Слайд 26 Transmission

Transmission

Слайд 27 Pathogenesis

Pathogenesis

Слайд 28 Pathogenesis

Pathogenesis

Слайд 29 Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Слайд 30 Diagnosis (Xenodiagnosis)

Diagnosis (Xenodiagnosis)

Слайд 31 Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Слайд 32 Chronic stage.
In chronic stage these parasites reside

Chronic stage. In chronic stage these parasites reside in heart and

in heart and midgut, and some time in hind

gut causing giantism of the midgut.

Clinical presentation


Слайд 33 Gigantism of midgut

Clinical presentation

Gigantism of midgutClinical presentation

Слайд 34 Treatment

Treatment

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