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Презентация на тему Muscle tissue

Содержание

2. Muscle tissue satisfy requirement of the body in movement.
3. Classification – The 3 types of muscle tissue:1. skeletal 2. cardiac3. smoothgroups:StriatedSmooth
4. Why do muscles contract?Muscle cells have contractile
5. Why do muscles contract?Actin and myosin form
6. SMOOTH MUSCLE
7. Locations: walls of visceral hollow organs (stomach).
8. SMOOTH MUSCLEUnit – spindle shaped cell --
9. Origin of smooth muscleSmooth muscle cells arise from mesenchymal cells.
10. Striated muscles
11. See: regular organization of the myofibrils gives
12. CARDIAC MUSCLE Locations: heartFunction: involuntary, rhythmic contractionUnit – cardiomyocyte (cell)
13. Cardiac muscle cells:3 types:Contractile, Conducting Secretory
14. CARDIAC MUSCLE cardiac muscle cells are cylindrical,
15. CARDIAC MUSCLE They are connected by special
17. SKELETAL MUSCLE
18. LocationMuscles associated with the skeleton (are connected
19. SKELETAL MUSCLE--- is innervated by the somatic
20. SKELETAL MUSCLESkeletal muscle fibers run the full
21. Nuclei:Skeletal muscle fibres contain many nuclei(up to several hundred ) placed beneath the plasma membrane
22. Myofibrils Mechanism of contraction: Sliding filaments model
23. Myofibrils has some bands and lines depending
26. Sarcomeres --are parts, smallest contractile units of
27. Sarcomere formula after contractionS = A(- ½ I, - ½ I, - H)
28. Mechanism of contraction
29. Origin of skeletal muscleThe myoblasts of all
30. 1. Myoblasts undergo frequent divisions and coalesce
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Muscle tissue satisfy requirement of the body in movement.

Classification – The 3 types of muscle tissue:1. skeletal 2. cardiac3. smoothgroups:StriatedSmooth

Why do muscles contract?Muscle cells have contractile proteins - actin and myosin,

Why do muscles contract?Actin and myosin form myofilaments:Myosin - thick, dark and

Locations: walls of visceral hollow organs (stomach). Functions: involuntary movement --(peristaltics) (The

SMOOTH MUSCLEUnit – spindle shaped cell -- myocyteIndividual cells are organized in

Origin of smooth muscleSmooth muscle cells arise from mesenchymal cells.

See: regular organization of the myofibrils gives rise to the cross-striation, which

CARDIAC MUSCLE Locations: heartFunction: involuntary, rhythmic contractionUnit – cardiomyocyte (cell)

Cardiac muscle cells:3 types:Contractile, Conducting Secretory

CARDIAC MUSCLE cardiac muscle cells are cylindrical, connect end-by-end, and form “functional

CARDIAC MUSCLE They are connected by special junction - intercalated discs –

LocationMuscles associated with the skeleton (are connected to bones by tendons). Platisma

SKELETAL MUSCLE--- is innervated by the somatic nervous system – voluntary!! ----

SKELETAL MUSCLESkeletal muscle fibers run the full length of a muscle. The

Nuclei:Skeletal muscle fibres contain many nuclei(up to several hundred ) placed beneath the plasma membrane

Myofibrils Mechanism of contraction: Sliding filaments model

Myofibrils has some bands and lines depending on the distribution and interconnection

Sarcomeres --are parts, smallest contractile units of myofibrils.Sarcomere formula: S = ½

Sarcomere formula after contractionS = A(- ½ I, - ½ I, - H)

Origin of skeletal muscleThe myoblasts of all skeletal muscle fibres originate from

1. Myoblasts undergo frequent divisions and coalesce with the formation of a

Regeneration. Satellite cellsSatellite cells are small cells which are closely apposed to

Слайды презентации

Слайд 2

Muscle tissue satisfy requirement of the body in

movement.

Слайд 3 Classification – The 3 types of muscle tissue:

1.

skeletal
2. cardiac
3. smooth

groups:
Striated

Smooth

Слайд 4 Why do muscles contract?
Muscle cells have contractile proteins

Why do muscles contract?Muscle cells have contractile proteins - actin and

-
actin and myosin,
and some another .

The interaction

of actin and myosin mediates the contraction of muscle cells.

Слайд 5 Why do muscles contract?
Actin and myosin form myofilaments:
Myosin

Why do muscles contract?Actin and myosin form myofilaments:Myosin - thick, dark

- thick, dark and Anisotropic (A)
Actin – thin, light

and Isotropic (I)
Actin and myosin form special organelles – myofibrils, responsible for muscle contraction.

Слайд 6 SMOOTH MUSCLE

Слайд 7 Locations: walls of visceral hollow organs
(stomach).

Locations: walls of visceral hollow organs (stomach). Functions: involuntary movement --(peristaltics)

Functions: involuntary movement --
(peristaltics)
(The innervation -- by autonomic

nervous system)

Слайд 8 SMOOTH MUSCLE
Unit – spindle shaped cell -- myocyte
Individual

SMOOTH MUSCLEUnit – spindle shaped cell -- myocyteIndividual cells are organized

cells are organized in sheath
In hollow organs forms

layers
Contraction is usually slow.

Слайд 9 Origin of smooth muscle

Smooth muscle cells arise from

mesenchymal cells.

Слайд 10 Striated muscles

Слайд 11 See: regular organization of the myofibrils gives rise

See: regular organization of the myofibrils gives rise to the cross-striation,

to the cross-striation, which characterises skeletal and cardiac muscle.

Слайд 12 CARDIAC MUSCLE
Locations: heart
Function: involuntary, rhythmic contraction
Unit –

cardiomyocyte (cell)

Слайд 13 Cardiac muscle cells:
3 types:
Contractile,
Conducting
Secretory

Слайд 14 CARDIAC MUSCLE
cardiac muscle cells are cylindrical,

CARDIAC MUSCLE cardiac muscle cells are cylindrical, connect end-by-end, and form

connect end-by-end,
and form “functional fiber”, which
often branch

at acute angles.

Слайд 15 CARDIAC MUSCLE
They are connected by special junction

-
intercalated discs – consisting of
gap junctions
and

desmosomes.

Слайд 16

Слайд 17 SKELETAL MUSCLE

Слайд 18 Location
Muscles associated with the skeleton (are connected to

LocationMuscles associated with the skeleton (are connected to bones by tendons).

bones by tendons).

Platisma and mimic muscles

Voluntary sphincters of

inner organs

Слайд 19 SKELETAL MUSCLE
--- is innervated by the somatic nervous

system – voluntary!!
---- consists of very long tubular

cells (also called muscle fibres).

Слайд 20 SKELETAL MUSCLE
Skeletal muscle fibers run the full length

SKELETAL MUSCLESkeletal muscle fibers run the full length of a muscle.

of a muscle.

The average length of skeletal muscle

cells in humans is about 3 cm (sartorius muscle up to 30 cm, stapedius muscle only about 1 mm). Their diameters vary from 10 to 100 µm.

Слайд 21 Nuclei:
Skeletal muscle fibres contain many nuclei
(up to several

hundred )
placed beneath the plasma membrane

Слайд 22 Myofibrils Mechanism of contraction: Sliding filaments model

Слайд 23 Myofibrils has some bands and lines depending on

Myofibrils has some bands and lines depending on the distribution and

the distribution and interconnection of myofilaments -- :
I-band

- actin filaments only,
A-band - myosin filaments which may overlap with actin filaments
T or Z-line -- band of connections between actin filaments; zone of apposition of actin filaments belonging to two neighboring sarcomeres;
M-line - band of connections between myosin filaments.
H-band - zone of myosin filaments only (no overlap with actin filaments) within the A-band

Слайд 24

Слайд 25

Слайд 26 Sarcomeres --
are parts, smallest contractile units of myofibrils.
Sarcomere

Sarcomeres --are parts, smallest contractile units of myofibrils.Sarcomere formula: S =

formula:
S = ½ I + A + ½

Слайд 27 Sarcomere formula after contraction
S = A
(- ½ I,

- ½ I, - H)

Слайд 28 Mechanism of contraction

Слайд 29 Origin of skeletal muscle
The myoblasts of all skeletal

Origin of skeletal muscleThe myoblasts of all skeletal muscle fibres originate

muscle fibres originate from the paraxial mesoderm - myotome.

Слайд 30 1. Myoblasts undergo frequent divisions and coalesce with

1. Myoblasts undergo frequent divisions and coalesce with the formation of

the formation of a multinucleated, syncytial muscle fibre or

myotube. The nuclei of the myotube are still located centrally in the muscle fibre.

2. In the course of the synthesis of the myofilaments and myofibrils, the nuclei are gradually displaced to the periphery of the cell.