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Презентация на тему Английский язык. Исследование представлений о Вселенной

Содержание

"Any animal won`t look at the heavens... Only that ridiculous creature – human can waste the time                   gazing up into the sky ".                                   
Development of ideas about the universe from ancient times to the XX How great is the view of the sky! For thousands of years people had been spending nights Why is it glowing dots do not fall every night, taking their Some people just watched, others tried to give everything in its most Man found out a few remarkable figures of constellations. The first lunar calendar was already composed 2000 years ago. Ancient people connected agriculture with the seasons which Religious views  The main gods of all ancient religions of the World religions are based - The belief that the universe is like a multistage construction, common in Seven heavenly spheres of Muslim viewsDrawing of the upper world Dayak tribe ngadzhu All of them were based on that statement about The first Ancient Observatory – megalithsMenhirsDolmen Sunworshippers believed they had to please the Sun if So appeared the first temples which had circle-shaped foundation. They These temples were the  first calendars   and clock   and observatories. The creation of the first astronomical observatories began in Ancient Observatory Instruments for measurement were huge stonesStownhadge Solar Observatory in Peru Observatory on Lake Ladoga Ancient Brazilian Observatory (2000 BC) Kochaski, Ecuador Arkaim Chichen Itza, Mexico Observatory Jantar Mantar, India Ancient Beijing Observatory in 1442 Ulugbek Observatory   In the city of Samarkand (Uzbekistan) in the The main instrument of the observatory - a giant (in a radius Astronomers had used modern for that period of The first observatory of the modern type were built in Europe since By the end of 17th century the From1700 to1716 Sukhareva tower had been serving as an observatory and school Pulkovo Observatory The largest in Russia Pulkovskaya observatory was founted in 1839. As is enormous contribution to the development of science of the structure Johannes Kepler   formulated 3 laws of the planetary motion Edmund Halley Lomonosov, Mikhail Struve, Vasily Yakovlevich Bredikhin Fedor Aleksandrovich Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky Sergei Pavlovich Korolev The new era of space exploration began when the first artificial satellite Used internet resources www.brightstarslerning.comwww.narod.ruwww.nashivkosmose.ruwww.37-77.ruwww.evolutsia.comwww.for-ua.comwww.holidaym.ruwww.ufanet.ruwww.uakub-b.narod.ruwww.poedem.ruwww.kabarer.ru www.what-this.ruwww.indostan.ruwww.hellmix.ruwww.liveinternet.ruwww.moonlight-a.ya.ruwww.pfotosight.ruwww.forum.kinozal.tvwww.yandex.ruwww.wikipedia.orgwww.obkom.com
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 "Any animal won`t look at

the heavens... Only that ridiculous creature – human can

waste the time                   gazing up into the sky ".                                   
    Herbert Wells

Слайд 3
How great is the

How great is the view of the sky! Billions

view of the sky! Billions of glimmering stats attract

the attention of curios scientists.

Слайд 4 For thousands of years people

For thousands of years people had been spending nights

had been spending nights by the bonfire gazing up

into the starry sky and then they noticed that stars were in the constant positions to each other.


Слайд 5 Why is it glowing dots do not fall

Why is it glowing dots do not fall every night, taking

every night, taking their place on the celestial sphere?

Why is the sun and moon appear always on the one hand, and disappear on the other?

Слайд 6 Some people just watched, others tried to give

Some people just watched, others tried to give everything in its

everything in its most authentic, in their opinion, the

explanation. Later, people learned to write and thus leave their children for the observation that they did not start all over again.

Слайд 7 Man found out a few remarkable figures

Man found out a few remarkable figures of constellations.

of constellations.


Слайд 8
The first lunar calendar

The first lunar calendar was already composed 2000 years ago.

was already composed 2000 years ago.


Слайд 9
Ancient people connected agriculture

Ancient people connected agriculture with the seasons which were

with the seasons which were dependent on the positions

of stars, the Sun, the Moon…

          The first ancient
astronomers and scientists
were priests.


Слайд 10 Religious views
The main gods of all ancient

Religious views The main gods of all ancient religions of the

religions of the world were inextricably connected with the

Sun, planets and celestial phenomena.

Слайд 11

World religions are based on the

World religions are based on the statement that

the universe is a living creature -  the ancestor of everything alive. The visible in the sky planets are identified with the goods representing the definite spheres our life.

Слайд 12 -"Stars worship" of Egypt; - Greek and Roman

-

god`s pantheon and celebrations of undefeated Sun; - Buddhism;

- Induizm; - Persian worship of Mitro,the God of the Sun.   All of them were based on that statement about the universe.

Слайд 13 The belief that the universe is like a

The belief that the universe is like a multistage construction, common

multistage construction, common in the biblical, Babylonian and Islamic

cosmologies.

Слайд 14 Seven heavenly spheres of Muslim views
Drawing of the

Seven heavenly spheres of Muslim viewsDrawing of the upper world Dayak tribe ngadzhu

upper world Dayak tribe ngadzhu


Слайд 15 All of them were based

All of them were based on that statement about

on that statement about the universe. The annual change

of the position of the Sun in the sky is mentioned in the Bible, in the Old Testament in the Iove`s book.

Слайд 16 The first Ancient Observatory –
megaliths
Menhirs
Dolmen

The first Ancient Observatory – megalithsMenhirsDolmen

Слайд 17


Sunworshippers believed they had to

Sunworshippers believed they had to please the Sun if

please the Sun if they didn`t want it to

stop to illuminating the Earth.



Слайд 18 So appeared the first temples

So appeared the first temples which had circle-shaped foundation. They

which had circle-shaped foundation. They played the role of the

first calendar, clock and observatories.

Stonehenge, England, 4000 BC


Слайд 19
These temples were

These temples were the  first calendars   and clock   and observatories.

the
first calendars
   and clock
   and observatories.


Слайд 20 The creation of the first

The creation of the first astronomical observatories began in

astronomical observatories began in the earliest period of human

history.

Ancient observatories were situated in Assyria, Babel, China, Egypt, Persia, India, Mexico and Peru.

Слайд 21 Ancient Observatory
"Horse-stone", Ukraine

Ancient Observatory

Слайд 22 Instruments for measurement were huge stones
Stownhadge

Instruments for measurement were huge stonesStownhadge

Слайд 23 Solar Observatory in Peru

Solar Observatory in Peru

Слайд 24 Observatory on Lake Ladoga

Observatory on Lake Ladoga

Слайд 25 Ancient Brazilian Observatory (2000 BC)

Ancient Brazilian Observatory (2000 BC)

Слайд 26 Kochaski, Ecuador

Kochaski, Ecuador

Слайд 27 Arkaim

Arkaim

Слайд 28 Chichen Itza, Mexico

Chichen Itza, Mexico

Слайд 29 Observatory Jantar Mantar, India

Observatory Jantar Mantar, India

Слайд 30 Ancient Beijing Observatory in 1442

Ancient Beijing Observatory in 1442

Слайд 31 Ulugbek Observatory
In the city of Samarkand

Ulugbek Observatory  In the city of Samarkand (Uzbekistan) in the

(Uzbekistan) in the 15 th century astronomer and scientist

Ulugbek creates the famous observatory. The scientist was sky catalog, which describes the 1018 stars.

Слайд 32 The main instrument of the observatory - a

The main instrument of the observatory - a giant (in a

giant (in a radius of 40 meters) quadrant to

measure the angular distances of stars and other luminaries.

Слайд 33 Astronomers had used modern

Astronomers had used modern for that period of time

for that period of time devices until they invented

a spyglass and a telescope.

Octant

Sextant


Слайд 34 The first observatory of the modern type were

The first observatory of the modern type were built in Europe

built in Europe since 13 century
State Observatory of Paris

in 1667

Greenwich Observatory in England in 1675


Слайд 35
By the

By the end of 17th century the russian

end of 17th century the russian archbishop Kholmogorsky Afanasy

used the bell-tower of the stone cathedral as an observation tower in 1692.



Слайд 36 From1700 to1716 Sukhareva tower had been serving as

From1700 to1716 Sukhareva tower had been serving as an observatory and

an observatory and school of mathematical and "sailor" sciences

where Jacob Bruce worked, he was the brother-in-arms of Peter I. In the observatory there were spyglasses, sextants, quadrants and more than 2m in diameter globe of the starry sky brought from Holland.

Слайд 37 Pulkovo Observatory

The largest in Russia Pulkovskaya observatory was

Pulkovo Observatory The largest in Russia Pulkovskaya observatory was founted in

founted in 1839. It was equipped with most perfect

instruments in particular with the biggest in the world 38-cm refractor. The main directions of work are the definitions the stars coordinate and celestial constants such as precession, nutation, aberration and refraction as well as discovering and measuring of bouble stars.

Слайд 38 As is enormous contribution to the development of

As is enormous contribution to the development of science of the

science of the structure of the universe of Greek

and Roman scholars

- Anaxagoras (the birth of universe – «onest mixture»), - Pyphagor (divided the mathematical harmony of space) - Aristotel (the person «stopping the Earth») - Fales Miletskii, - Platon - Archimedes (measuring of sky) - Evaox (the first theory of planets` motion) - Eratosfen (the measurement of the Earth) - Klavdii Ptolemei.


Слайд 39 Johannes Kepler

formulated 3 laws of the

Johannes Kepler  formulated 3 laws of the planetary motion

planetary motion and the law of planetary kinematics; he

derived the «Kepler`s equation» for determining the position of celestial bodies.

Слайд 40

Dzherdano Bruno

Dzherdano Bruno



worked out the theory about 5 elements and supposed possibility of the life on other planets.


Слайд 41

Tycho Brahe

Tycho Brahe


made exact solar tables and measured the year length with the mistake less than a second; observed ultranew star in the Cassiopeia constellation; stuck to idea of extraterrestrial origin of comets, recognised the slope change of the moon orbit to ecliptic.


Слайд 42

Galileo

Galileo


  In 1608, Galileo and his simple telescope brought the heavens into focus, setting the stage for modern astronomy.


Слайд 43

Nicolaus Copernicus

Nicolaus Copernicus


was the author of the heliocentric system and began the first scientific revolution


Слайд 44

Edmund Halley

Edmund Halley



discovered the large Jupiter and Saturn inequality; derived orbits of 24 comets; discovered stars` motion and explored nebulars.


Слайд 45

Lomonosov, Mikhail  Vasilyevich

Lomonosov, Mikhail Vasilyevich




Discovered the atmosphere and a luminous rim on Venus; built the new optic devices for celestial observations.


Слайд 46

Struve, Vasily Yakovlevich

Struve, Vasily Yakovlevich


was an active participant of Pulkovskaya observatory foundation, determined the system of astronomical constants and aberration of light constant; he well-founded the conclusion about existence and the value of the interstellar mergence of light; composed 2 two catalogs of double stars.


Слайд 47 Bredikhin Fedor Aleksandrovich

Bredikhin Fedor Aleksandrovich      systematicаlly observed the


systematicаlly observed the Sun`s

chromesphere, took photos of sunspots; investigated the surface of the Moon, Mars and Jupiter; explored the chemical composition of gas nebulas.

Слайд 48 Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky

Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky       . was


. was the

founder of modern space exploration and rocket technology; developed rocket schemes for distant action and rockets for interplanetary voyages, worked out the theory of the motion of composite multistage rockets; he was the first man, who developed the idea about artificial satellite Earth.

Слайд 49

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev


was the founder of aerospace technology and the USSR rocket weapon production; the founder of practical space. He was the «father» of practical astronautical science. Korolev heated the creation of the first soviet strategic rocket and was the top designer of the first in the human history artifical satellite of the Earth.


Слайд 50
The new era of space exploration began when

The new era of space exploration began when the first artificial

the first artificial satellite of the Earth was launched

into space.

Слайд 51 Used internet resources
www.brightstarslerning.com
www.narod.ru
www.nashivkosmose.ru
www.37-77.ru
www.evolutsia.com
www.for-ua.com
www.holidaym.ru
www.ufanet.ru
www.uakub-b.narod.ru
www.poedem.ru
www.kabarer.ru


Used internet resources www.brightstarslerning.comwww.narod.ruwww.nashivkosmose.ruwww.37-77.ruwww.evolutsia.comwww.for-ua.comwww.holidaym.ruwww.ufanet.ruwww.uakub-b.narod.ruwww.poedem.ruwww.kabarer.ru

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