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Презентация на тему The origin of stylistics and its modern trends. (Lecture 1)

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What is stylistics? “nobody has ever known what the term stylistics means, and in any case, hardly anyone seems to care”(Jean-Jacques Lecercle 1993: 14)
The origin of Stylistics and its Modern Trends   Lecture 1 What is stylistics?	“nobody has ever known what the term stylistics means, and Stylisticsfrom Lat. “stilos” (a sharp stick used for writing on wax tablets)not Stylistics and RhetoricRhetoric – art of composition and delivery of speeches RhetoricAncient Greece: art of persuasionAncient Rome: art of good speaking (public speaking Stylisticsborrowed from rhetoric technical equipmenttraditional object (STYLE) Stylistics and Structural Linguistics XX century - crucial period in development of Structural Linguisticsconcentrated on the structure of languagesmore in common with the anthropologist 1905 - Charles Bally “Précis de Stylistique”The First Linguistic Work on Style Ch. Bally’s Main Ideasone of language functions - to express feelings language Literary Approach to StyleLeo Spitzernever tried to establish the stylistic system of Leo Spitzer’s Main IdeasLanguage - a creative activity of the individual rather LINGUISTIC STYLISTICS vs LITERARY STYLISTICSCharles Bally’s approach 	Linguistic Stylistics(лингвостилистика)Leo Spitzer’s ideas Literary Stylistics(литературоведческая стилистика) Linguistic stylisticsinvestigation of the inventory of special language media which by their Literary stylistics  (literary criticism)- sphere of linguistic and literary science which Model of Communicative ActR. Jakobson: six components of any speech eventaddresseraddresseemessagecodecontactcontext Language – a code to shape information into the message. The supplier Before Structural LinguisticsNo opposition between literary and linguistic studiesThe same interests, the same problems Come in, will you? = Please, come in. = Come in. = the same proposition (subject-matter) but different manner of expression (depends upon the Functional Stylisticsthe focus on the correlation between the message and the communicative situation Affective Stylistics	M. Riffaterrefocus on the effect of the message, on the output Leningrad School of Decoding StylisticsI.V. Arnoldreader - not a passive recipient of Trends in StylisticsLinguistic StylisticsLiterary StylisticsFunctional StylisticsAffective StylisticsStylistics of Decoding Modern Stylisticsfeminist stylisticscognitive stylisticsdiscourse stylisticsa method in language teaching and language learningcreative writing What is stylistics?	a method of textual interpretation in which primary role belongs Text interpretationInterpretationFunction of textLinguistic structure Meaning of a text		Language as a function in context (time, place, cultural and cognitive contexts) Thank you!
Слайды презентации

Слайд 2 What is stylistics?



“nobody has ever known what the

What is stylistics?	“nobody has ever known what the term stylistics means,

term stylistics means, and in any case, hardly anyone

seems to care”

(Jean-Jacques Lecercle 1993: 14)


Слайд 3 Stylistics
from Lat. “stilos” (a sharp stick used for

Stylisticsfrom Lat. “stilos” (a sharp stick used for writing on wax

writing on wax tablets)


not only an instrument for writing,

but
manner of writing



Слайд 4 Stylistics and Rhetoric
Rhetoric – art of composition and

Stylistics and RhetoricRhetoric – art of composition and delivery of speeches

delivery of speeches


Слайд 5 Rhetoric

Ancient Greece: art of persuasion

Ancient Rome: art of

RhetoricAncient Greece: art of persuasionAncient Rome: art of good speaking (public

good speaking (public speaking and influencing audiences by eloquent

speakers)

Mediaeval Europe: art of decorating speech (style as applied ornament)


Слайд 6 Stylistics
borrowed from rhetoric

technical equipment

traditional object (STYLE)

Stylisticsborrowed from rhetoric technical equipmenttraditional object (STYLE)

Слайд 7 Stylistics and Structural Linguistics
XX century - crucial

Stylistics and Structural Linguistics XX century - crucial period in development

period in development of linguistics

Ferdinand de Saussure: language

as a structure and a system of different levels

Слайд 8 Structural Linguistics
concentrated on the structure of languages

more in

Structural Linguisticsconcentrated on the structure of languagesmore in common with the

common with the anthropologist or the social scientist’s point

of view than with the historian or the aesthetician’s

philology and linguistics diverged, as their interests and methods became different



Слайд 9 1905 - Charles Bally
“Précis de Stylistique”
The First

1905 - Charles Bally “Précis de Stylistique”The First Linguistic Work on

Linguistic Work on Style
was concerned neither with writers

nor even with literature in general


was interested in language and its functions


Слайд 10 Ch. Bally’s Main Ideas
one of language functions -

Ch. Bally’s Main Ideasone of language functions - to express feelings

to express feelings

language - a set of means

of expression which are simultaneous with thought

proper object of stylistics – to investigate how feelings are expressed by means of language and special devices



Слайд 11 Literary Approach to Style
Leo Spitzer

never tried to establish

Literary Approach to StyleLeo Spitzernever tried to establish the stylistic system


the stylistic system of a
language

was more interested in


the world view of the writer



Слайд 12 Leo Spitzer’s Main Ideas
Language - a creative activity

Leo Spitzer’s Main IdeasLanguage - a creative activity of the individual

of the individual rather than a system of signals

shared by the group

doubted the possibility to offer a reader “a step-by-step algorithm” which can be applied to a work of art

emphasized subtle psychological and cultural phenomena whose study tended to escape from the text


Слайд 13 LINGUISTIC STYLISTICS vs LITERARY STYLISTICS
Charles Bally’s approach


Linguistic

LINGUISTIC STYLISTICS vs LITERARY STYLISTICSCharles Bally’s approach 	Linguistic Stylistics(лингвостилистика)Leo Spitzer’s ideas Literary Stylistics(литературоведческая стилистика)

Stylistics
(лингвостилистика)
Leo Spitzer’s ideas



Literary Stylistics
(литературоведческая стилистика)



Слайд 14 Linguistic stylistics
investigation of the inventory of special language

Linguistic stylisticsinvestigation of the inventory of special language media which by

media which by their ontological features secure the desirable

effect of the utterance (SDs and EMs)

certain types of texts which due to the choice and arrangement of language means are distinguished by the pragmatic aspect of the communication (FS of language)


Слайд 15 Literary stylistics (literary criticism)
- sphere of linguistic and

Literary stylistics (literary criticism)- sphere of linguistic and literary science which

literary science which deals with the peculiarities of a

writer’s individual manner of using language means to achieve the desired effect





Слайд 16 Model of Communicative Act
R. Jakobson: six components of

Model of Communicative ActR. Jakobson: six components of any speech eventaddresseraddresseemessagecodecontactcontext

any speech event

addresser
addressee
message
code
contact
context


Слайд 17 Language – a code to shape information into

Language – a code to shape information into the message. The

the message. The supplier of the information - encoder.

The addressee - decoder of the information contained in the message.


Слайд 18 Before Structural Linguistics
No opposition between literary and linguistic

Before Structural LinguisticsNo opposition between literary and linguistic studiesThe same interests, the same problems

studies

The same interests, the same problems


Слайд 19 Come in, will you? = Please, come in.

Come in, will you? = Please, come in. = Come in.

= Come in. = Get the hell in here.


The

old man is dead. = The old bean has kicked the bucket. = The gentleman well advanced in years has attained the termination of his terrestrial existence.

Слайд 20 the same proposition (subject-matter) but different manner of

the same proposition (subject-matter) but different manner of expression (depends upon

expression (depends upon the situational conditions of the communication

act)

stylistics investigates synonymous linguistic means for the purpose of finding out their spheres of applicability


Слайд 21 Functional Stylistics
the focus on the correlation between the

Functional Stylisticsthe focus on the correlation between the message and the communicative situation

message and the communicative situation


Слайд 22 Affective Stylistics
M. Riffaterre

focus on the effect of the

Affective Stylistics	M. Riffaterrefocus on the effect of the message, on the

message, on the output of the act of communication,

on its attention-compelling function

features of linguistic utterance that are intended to impose the encoder’s way of thinking on the decoder


Слайд 23 Leningrad School of Decoding Stylistics
I.V. Arnold

reader - not

Leningrad School of Decoding StylisticsI.V. Arnoldreader - not a passive recipient

a passive recipient of the writer’s way of thinking

theory

and practice of text interpretation

focus on the receiving end, on decoding and the addressee’s response

Слайд 24 Trends in Stylistics
Linguistic Stylistics

Literary Stylistics

Functional Stylistics

Affective Stylistics

Stylistics of

Trends in StylisticsLinguistic StylisticsLiterary StylisticsFunctional StylisticsAffective StylisticsStylistics of Decoding

Decoding


Слайд 25 Modern Stylistics
feminist stylistics

cognitive stylistics

discourse stylistics

a method in language

Modern Stylisticsfeminist stylisticscognitive stylisticsdiscourse stylisticsa method in language teaching and language learningcreative writing

teaching and language learning

creative writing



Слайд 26 What is stylistics?



a method of textual interpretation in

What is stylistics?	a method of textual interpretation in which primary role

which primary role belongs to language

(Paul Simpson 2004: 2)


Слайд 27 Text interpretation
Interpretation


Function of text
Linguistic structure

Text interpretationInterpretationFunction of textLinguistic structure

Слайд 28 Meaning of a text


Language as a function in

Meaning of a text		Language as a function in context (time, place, cultural and cognitive contexts)

context (time, place, cultural and cognitive contexts)


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